- Info-Tech Research Group (Info-Tech) is an information technology research, analysis and consulting firm.
- Andong Institute of Information Technology, sometimes called Andong InfoTech or AIT,
- Busan College of Information Technology, also Busan Info-Tech College, is situated in the Buk-gu district of Busan metropolitan city,
- The website's Technorati rank is 2 and is 1st on the list, if you search by theInfo/Tech category As of February 11, 2010 it has over 4,
- In 2007 the company was featured in the ‘Info Tech 100’, a listing of the world’s best IT companies.
A computer is a programmable machine that receives input, stores and manipulates data, and provides output in a useful format.
Although mechanical examples of computers have existed through much of recorded human history, the first electronic computers were developed in the mid-20th century (1940–1945). These were the size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern personal computers (PCs).[1] Modern computers based on integrated circuits are millions to billions of times more capable than the early machines, and occupy a fraction of the space.[2] Simple computers are small enough to fit into small pocket devices, and can be powered by a small battery. Personal computers in their various forms are icons of the Information Age and are what most people think of as "computers". However, the embedded computers found in many devices from MP3 players to fighter aircraft and from toys to industrial robots are the most numerous.
The ability to store and execute lists of instructions called programs makes computers extremely versatile, distinguishing them from calculators. The Church–Turing thesis is a mathematical statement of this versatility: any computer with a certain minimum capability is, in principle, capable of performing the same tasks that any other computer can perform. Therefore computers ranging from a netbook to a supercomputer are all able to perform the same computational tasks, given enough time and storage capacity.
Sunday, August 22, 2010
info tech definations and Computer defination
IBM Systems and mainframe systems
CICS (Customer Information Control System) is an online transaction processing program from IBM that, together with the programming language, has formed over the past several decades the most common set of tools for building customer transaction applications in the world of large computing. A great number of the still in use are COBOL/CICS applications. Using the application programming interface ( provided by CICS, a programmer can write programs that communicate with online users and read from or write to customer and other records (orders, inventory figures, customer data, and so forth) in a database (usually referred to as "data sets") using CICS facilities rather than IBM's access methods directly. Like other transaction managers, CICS can ensure that transactions are completed and, if not, undo partly completed transactions so that the integrity of data records is maintained.
IBM markets or supports a CICS product for , and Intel PC operating systems. Some of IBM's customers use IBM's Transaction Server to handle transactions from Internet users and forward these to a mainframe server that accesses an existing CICS order and inventory database.
 | Learn more about IBM System z and mainframe systems |
| : Ensure the success of your mainframe migration strategy with best practices for migrating, regenerating or replacing mainframe applications. | |
| : Organizations typically defer upgrades during a down economy, but cost-effective mainframe upgrades can be key to your company's competitive advantage. | |
| : A network-based data security approach is no longer suitable in today's world and we should look to the mainframe as a potential information security hub, says an expert. | |
| : The modern mainframe: This isn't your gramps' Big Iron. Mainframe management has evolved dramatically over the past few years. | |
| : The CICS dump table feature can be useful for diagnosing and managing problems in online systems when the information you need isn't available through default channels. | |
| : Are mainframe software costs too high or does software productivity and reduced labor costs lead to lower mainframe total cost of ownership (TCO)? | |
| : Using transaction classes is a great way to manage CICS workloads that come in unpredictable increments. Learn how to use transaction classes and get examples in this tip |
History of computing hardware
The Jacquard loom, on display at the Museum of Science and Industry in Manchester, England, was one of the first programmable devices.
The first use of the word "computer" was recorded in 1613, referring to a person who carried out calculations, or computations, and the word continued to be used in that sense until the middle of the 20th century. From the end of the 19th century onwards though, the word began to take on its more familiar meaning, describing a machine that carries out computations.[3]
The history of the modern computer begins with two separate technologies—automated calculation and programmability—but no single device can be identified as the earliest computer, partly because of the inconsistent application of that term. Examples of early mechanical calculating devices include the abacus, the slide rule and arguably the astrolabe and the Antikythera mechanism (which dates from about 150–100 BC). Hero of Alexandria (c. 10–70 AD) built a mechanical theater which performed a play lasting 10 minutes and was operated by a complex system of ropes and drums that might be considered to be a means of deciding which parts of the mechanism performed which actions and when.[4] This is the essence of programmability.
The "castle clock", an astronomical clock invented by Al-Jazari in 1206, is considered to be the earliest programmable analog computer.[5] It displayed the zodiac, the solar and lunar orbits, a crescent moon-shaped pointer travelling across a gateway causing automatic doors to open every hour,[6][7] and five robotic musicians who played music when struck by levers operated by a camshaft attached to a water wheel. The length of day and night could be re-programmed to compensate for the changing lengths of day and night throughout the year.[5]
The Renaissance saw a re-invigoration of European mathematics and engineering. Wilhelm Schickard's 1623 device was the first of a number of mechanical calculators constructed by European engineers, but none fit the modern definition of a computer, because they could not be programmed.
In 1801, Joseph Marie Jacquard made an improvement to the textile loom by introducing a series of punched paper cards as a template which allowed his loom to weave intricate patterns automatically. The resulting Jacquard loom was an important step in the development of computers because the use of punched cards to define woven patterns can be viewed as an early, albeit limited, form of
It was the fusion of automatic calculation with programmability that produced the first recognizable computers. In 1837, Charles Babbage was the first to conceptualize and design a fully programmable mechanical computer, his analytical engine.[8] Limited finances and Babbage's inability to resist tinkering with the design meant that the device was never completed.
In the late 1880s, Herman Hollerith invented the recording of data on a machine readable medium. Prior uses of machine readable media, above, had been for control, not data. "After some initial trials with paper tape, he settled on punched cards ..."[9] To process these punched cards he invented the tabulator, and the keypunch machines. These three inventions were the foundation of the modern information processing industry. Large-scale automated data processing of punched cards was performed for the 1890 United States Census by Hollerith's company, which later became the core of IBM. By the end of the 19th century a number of technologies that would later prove useful in the realization of practical computers had begun to appear: the punched card, Boolean algebra, the vacuum tube (thermionic valve) and the teleprinter.
During the first half of the 20th century, many scientific computing needs were met by increasingly sophisticated analog computers, which used a direct mechanical or electrical model of the problem as a basis for computation. However, these were not programmable and generally lacked the versatility and accuracy of modern digital computers.
Alan Turing is widely regarded to be the father of modern computer science. In 1936 Turing provided an influential formalisation of the concept of the algorithm and computation with the Turing machine. Of his role in the modern computer, Time magazine in naming Turing one of the 100 most influential people of the 20th century, states: "The fact remains that everyone who taps at a keyboard, opening a spreadsheet or a word-processing program, is working on an incarnation of a Turing machine".[10]
The inventor of the program-controlled computer was Konrad Zuse, who built the first working computer in 1941 and later in 1955 the first computer based on magnetic storage.
The first use of the word "computer" was recorded in 1613, referring to a person who carried out calculations, or computations, and the word continued to be used in that sense until the middle of the 20th century. From the end of the 19th century onwards though, the word began to take on its more familiar meaning, describing a machine that carries out computations.[3]
The history of the modern computer begins with two separate technologies—automated calculation and programmability—but no single device can be identified as the earliest computer, partly because of the inconsistent application of that term. Examples of early mechanical calculating devices include the abacus, the slide rule and arguably the astrolabe and the Antikythera mechanism (which dates from about 150–100 BC). Hero of Alexandria (c. 10–70 AD) built a mechanical theater which performed a play lasting 10 minutes and was operated by a complex system of ropes and drums that might be considered to be a means of deciding which parts of the mechanism performed which actions and when.[4] This is the essence of programmability.
The "castle clock", an astronomical clock invented by Al-Jazari in 1206, is considered to be the earliest programmable analog computer.[5] It displayed the zodiac, the solar and lunar orbits, a crescent moon-shaped pointer travelling across a gateway causing automatic doors to open every hour,[6][7] and five robotic musicians who played music when struck by levers operated by a camshaft attached to a water wheel. The length of day and night could be re-programmed to compensate for the changing lengths of day and night throughout the year.[5]
The Renaissance saw a re-invigoration of European mathematics and engineering. Wilhelm Schickard's 1623 device was the first of a number of mechanical calculators constructed by European engineers, but none fit the modern definition of a computer, because they could not be programmed.
In 1801, Joseph Marie Jacquard made an improvement to the textile loom by introducing a series of punched paper cards as a template which allowed his loom to weave intricate patterns automatically. The resulting Jacquard loom was an important step in the development of computers because the use of punched cards to define woven patterns can be viewed as an early, albeit limited, form of
It was the fusion of automatic calculation with programmability that produced the first recognizable computers. In 1837, Charles Babbage was the first to conceptualize and design a fully programmable mechanical computer, his analytical engine.[8] Limited finances and Babbage's inability to resist tinkering with the design meant that the device was never completed.
In the late 1880s, Herman Hollerith invented the recording of data on a machine readable medium. Prior uses of machine readable media, above, had been for control, not data. "After some initial trials with paper tape, he settled on punched cards ..."[9] To process these punched cards he invented the tabulator, and the keypunch machines. These three inventions were the foundation of the modern information processing industry. Large-scale automated data processing of punched cards was performed for the 1890 United States Census by Hollerith's company, which later became the core of IBM. By the end of the 19th century a number of technologies that would later prove useful in the realization of practical computers had begun to appear: the punched card, Boolean algebra, the vacuum tube (thermionic valve) and the teleprinter.
During the first half of the 20th century, many scientific computing needs were met by increasingly sophisticated analog computers, which used a direct mechanical or electrical model of the problem as a basis for computation. However, these were not programmable and generally lacked the versatility and accuracy of modern digital computers.
Alan Turing is widely regarded to be the father of modern computer science. In 1936 Turing provided an influential formalisation of the concept of the algorithm and computation with the Turing machine. Of his role in the modern computer, Time magazine in naming Turing one of the 100 most influential people of the 20th century, states: "The fact remains that everyone who taps at a keyboard, opening a spreadsheet or a word-processing program, is working on an incarnation of a Turing machine".[10]
The inventor of the program-controlled computer was Konrad Zuse, who built the first working computer in 1941 and later in 1955 the first computer based on magnetic storage.
Computer software
Computer software consists of the programs, or lists of instructions, that control the operation of a computer. Application software can be used for the following purposes:
* As a productivity/business tool
* To assist with graphics and multimedia projects
* To support household activities, for personal business, or for education
* To facilitate communications
Productivity Software Productivity software is designed to make people more effective and efficient when performing daily activities. It includes applications such as word processing, spreadsheets, databases, presentation graphics, personal information management, graphics and multimedia, communications, and other related types of software. Word-processing software is used to create documents such as letters, memos, reports, mailing labels, and newsletters. This software is used to create attractive and professional-looking documents that are stored electronically, allowing them to be retrieved and revised. The software provides tools to correct spelling and grammatical mistakes, permits copying and moving text without rekeying, and provides tools to enhance the format of documents. Electronic spreadsheet software is used in business environments to perform numeric calculations rapidly and accurately. Data are keyed into rows and columns on a worksheet, and formulas and functions are used to make fast and accurate calculations. Spreadsheets are used for "what-if" analyses and for creating charts based on information in a worksheet. A database is a collection of data organized in a manner that allows access, retrieval, and use of that data. A database management system (DBMS) is used to create a computerized database; add, change, and delete data; sort and retrieve data from the database; and create forms and reports using the data in the database. Presentation graphics software is used to create presentations, which can include clip-art images, pictures, video clips, and audio clips as well as text. A personal information manager is a software application that includes an appointment calendar, address book, and notepad to help organize personal information such as appointments and task lists. Engineers, architects, desktop publishers, and graphic artists often use graphics and multimedia software such as computer-aided design, desktop publishing, video and audio entertainment, and Web page authoring. Software for communications includes groupware, e-mail, and Web browsers.
* As a productivity/business tool
* To assist with graphics and multimedia projects
* To support household activities, for personal business, or for education
* To facilitate communications
Productivity Software Productivity software is designed to make people more effective and efficient when performing daily activities. It includes applications such as word processing, spreadsheets, databases, presentation graphics, personal information management, graphics and multimedia, communications, and other related types of software. Word-processing software is used to create documents such as letters, memos, reports, mailing labels, and newsletters. This software is used to create attractive and professional-looking documents that are stored electronically, allowing them to be retrieved and revised. The software provides tools to correct spelling and grammatical mistakes, permits copying and moving text without rekeying, and provides tools to enhance the format of documents. Electronic spreadsheet software is used in business environments to perform numeric calculations rapidly and accurately. Data are keyed into rows and columns on a worksheet, and formulas and functions are used to make fast and accurate calculations. Spreadsheets are used for "what-if" analyses and for creating charts based on information in a worksheet. A database is a collection of data organized in a manner that allows access, retrieval, and use of that data. A database management system (DBMS) is used to create a computerized database; add, change, and delete data; sort and retrieve data from the database; and create forms and reports using the data in the database. Presentation graphics software is used to create presentations, which can include clip-art images, pictures, video clips, and audio clips as well as text. A personal information manager is a software application that includes an appointment calendar, address book, and notepad to help organize personal information such as appointments and task lists. Engineers, architects, desktop publishers, and graphic artists often use graphics and multimedia software such as computer-aided design, desktop publishing, video and audio entertainment, and Web page authoring. Software for communications includes groupware, e-mail, and Web browsers.
Information Technology of USA
Information technology company, Javvin, is a company which specialises in providing the latest information technology services. Information technology is a worldwide industry which is expanding on a continuos basis. Computers are the core of inforrmation technology and with the improved usage of these machines, results will be caused which influences the improvement of the information technology industry as a whole.
An extensive variety of computer software is being developed on a daily basis which is, in turn, expanding the world and importance of information technology. Various handbooks have been published by Javvin in relation to the functioning of Information technology in society as well as proper usage of the computer.
Information technology has a large impact on various other industries and its' influence is evident in the efficient functioning of society as a whole.
SEA laptops a very poor idea
By William Lucie-Smith
One of the election promises of the new Government was to provide laptop computers for SEA pupils. In fact point one of the immediate action plan for the first 120 days was " Every child going to secondary school from the SEA will be provided with a laptop to begin their secondary school education." The Minister of Education has informed us that this will involve 15,000 children and will cost $45 million for the hardware alone.
It is a widely held viewpoint that information technology is the key to future development and therefore it is imperative to have a computer literate society if we are to develop from being a Third World country. The PNM of Eric Williams made development through education a cornerstone of its philosophy and very few people would disagree with that.
Over the years there have been very many education initiatives, all aimed at developing a well educated and productive society. No doubt this is the reason for free secondary education, free university education, the development of a second university (UTT), the scholarship programme (not the Ministry of cultures slush fund but the one for our high achievers at A-levels), GATE, HYPE and a myriad of other projects. Given the key importance of information technology to society today it is not surprising that a Government would want to improve and broaden computer skills. The key question however is whether this programme is a good way to spend $45 million and whether it will have the desired effect.
There have been a number of letters to the newspapers querying the likely effectiveness of this programme. Among the important points being made (to name just a few) are the following:
• Providing effective computer rooms with desktops (cheaper) available to all students would be more cost effective.
• Software is a major cost and this programme does ensure the availability of appropriate software.
• Internet is a major resource but many homes have no Internet access to use that resource.
• Many homes will not have printers or be able to afford paper and other supplies.
• Students are masterful time wasters and the computer is the ultimate time wasting equipment. Without close supervision student will play games watch movies, surf the net etc.
• Maintenance will be a problem and many household will not have support. Hardware will "mash up "quick or even be sold.
Most of the above is intuitive or anecdotal. However, I am grateful to a UWI professor who reads my column and directed me to The New York Times July 9 edition which contains reference to actual research done on this subject. I strongly recommend that our Minister of Education review this article (by Randall Stross) before he finalises this programme.
There is an organisation called "one laptop per child" that is a non-profit organisation in Cambridge Massachusetts, USA, that sells rugged but inexpensive (less than US$275 each) computers to the governments of lesser developed countries. The largest recipients are Uruguay (400,000), Peru (280,000) and Rwanda (110,000). However, the project has not revolutionised education as hoped. Kentaro Toyama who worked on these projects with Microsoft and is now a research fellow at the school of information at the University of California Berkeley believes the concept of one laptop per child is utopian and rests on the myth that "technology is the bottleneck".
He says there are many other bottlenecks including infrastructure. He says "studies of PCs in schools are mixed at best. Most show that a good school with good teachers can do positive things with PCs, but that PCs don't fix bad schools".
Studies show that laptops out of school are counter-productive. Economists trying to measure the educational impact of computers on schoolchildren in low income households, using a variety of methodologies, found no educational benefit and test scores often decline. Ofer Malamud, Professor of Economics at the University of Chicago, concluded "we found a negative impact on academic achievement. I was surprised but when we presented our results, people in the audience said they were not surprised given their experiences with school children."
The study conducted in Romania provided strong evidence that children in households with computers received lower grades in maths, English and Romanian". Students did use the computers but mostly for games and not schoolwork. Studies in North Carolina also showed that access to the internet showed lower reading and maths scores.
A Texas four-year study on the use of computer in middle schools also provided poor results. Despite the schools configuring computers to block e-mail, chat, games and objectionable web sites, key word blocks failed for Spanish sites and the kids were adept at getting around the blocks. This US $20 million control study reluctantly concluded "there's was no evidence linking technology immersion with student self-directed learning or their general satisfaction with schoolwork".
Hopefully it is not too late for this programme to avoid the worst errors. This can be achieved by confining the computers to school, making them available to all students and closely supervising their use. Otherwise case studies conclude the effort may have a negative impact.
It is a widely held viewpoint that information technology is the key to future development and therefore it is imperative to have a computer literate society if we are to develop from being a Third World country. The PNM of Eric Williams made development through education a cornerstone of its philosophy and very few people would disagree with that.
Over the years there have been very many education initiatives, all aimed at developing a well educated and productive society. No doubt this is the reason for free secondary education, free university education, the development of a second university (UTT), the scholarship programme (not the Ministry of cultures slush fund but the one for our high achievers at A-levels), GATE, HYPE and a myriad of other projects. Given the key importance of information technology to society today it is not surprising that a Government would want to improve and broaden computer skills. The key question however is whether this programme is a good way to spend $45 million and whether it will have the desired effect.
There have been a number of letters to the newspapers querying the likely effectiveness of this programme. Among the important points being made (to name just a few) are the following:
• Providing effective computer rooms with desktops (cheaper) available to all students would be more cost effective.
• Software is a major cost and this programme does ensure the availability of appropriate software.
• Internet is a major resource but many homes have no Internet access to use that resource.
• Many homes will not have printers or be able to afford paper and other supplies.
• Students are masterful time wasters and the computer is the ultimate time wasting equipment. Without close supervision student will play games watch movies, surf the net etc.
• Maintenance will be a problem and many household will not have support. Hardware will "mash up "quick or even be sold.
Most of the above is intuitive or anecdotal. However, I am grateful to a UWI professor who reads my column and directed me to The New York Times July 9 edition which contains reference to actual research done on this subject. I strongly recommend that our Minister of Education review this article (by Randall Stross) before he finalises this programme.
There is an organisation called "one laptop per child" that is a non-profit organisation in Cambridge Massachusetts, USA, that sells rugged but inexpensive (less than US$275 each) computers to the governments of lesser developed countries. The largest recipients are Uruguay (400,000), Peru (280,000) and Rwanda (110,000). However, the project has not revolutionised education as hoped. Kentaro Toyama who worked on these projects with Microsoft and is now a research fellow at the school of information at the University of California Berkeley believes the concept of one laptop per child is utopian and rests on the myth that "technology is the bottleneck".
He says there are many other bottlenecks including infrastructure. He says "studies of PCs in schools are mixed at best. Most show that a good school with good teachers can do positive things with PCs, but that PCs don't fix bad schools".
Studies show that laptops out of school are counter-productive. Economists trying to measure the educational impact of computers on schoolchildren in low income households, using a variety of methodologies, found no educational benefit and test scores often decline. Ofer Malamud, Professor of Economics at the University of Chicago, concluded "we found a negative impact on academic achievement. I was surprised but when we presented our results, people in the audience said they were not surprised given their experiences with school children."
The study conducted in Romania provided strong evidence that children in households with computers received lower grades in maths, English and Romanian". Students did use the computers but mostly for games and not schoolwork. Studies in North Carolina also showed that access to the internet showed lower reading and maths scores.
A Texas four-year study on the use of computer in middle schools also provided poor results. Despite the schools configuring computers to block e-mail, chat, games and objectionable web sites, key word blocks failed for Spanish sites and the kids were adept at getting around the blocks. This US $20 million control study reluctantly concluded "there's was no evidence linking technology immersion with student self-directed learning or their general satisfaction with schoolwork".
Hopefully it is not too late for this programme to avoid the worst errors. This can be achieved by confining the computers to school, making them available to all students and closely supervising their use. Otherwise case studies conclude the effort may have a negative impact.
Desktop Computer Released
Onkyo DE411 Desktop Computer Released
Onkoyo has just released
their new all-in-one desktop PC called the Onkoyo DE411. The PC will cost around $950 and has been released in Japan. The DE411 is powered by a 2GB of RAM, a 320GB hard drive space, Digital TV Tuner, DVD Burner, WiFi and most importantly to note, it runs on Windows 7 Home Premium. The DE411 has a 21.5” nettop with built in speakers. This is an ideal all-in-one desktop pc and whether you are a forex trader or a web developer, the Onoyo DE411 will serve you right.HP Pavilion Elite Desktop Computer
The new Pavilion Elite desktop computers that are coming out seem to be a mas
s of multimedia excellence. These powerhouse computers are sporting a new and improved 1TB hard drive. Yes, that is a 1 terabyte drive and that is way more than enough to handle anything you might throw at it. To top that off, it comes standard with 8GB of memory and a video card that has 1GB of onboard memory as well. It may not be the gaming powerhouse some people are looking for but you should be able to play all the newest games with ease and at a more reasonable price than some of the high end gaming computers.Probably the best aspect of this new computer is the 25 inch high definition monitor that ships with the computer. With a super resolution of 1920 by 1080 you won’t have any issues with quality. You can easily scan through HD video content with no issues of lag from the video capture, and it’s always crystal clear.The one downside to the computer is the fact that it doesn’t come with speakers. There are two small stereo speakers built into the monitor and they do a fair job of producing sound, but if you are looking for better quality sound for gaming or a more theatrical sound for your movies, then you should look into buying some 7.1 surround sound speakers to add to it.
Something else that is a bit of a disappointment is the keyboard that ships with the computer. While it is effective for what you need, it’s built a little too cheaply for people that want to use this computer for extended periods of time with loads of typing. All in all, this is a huge step forward for the HP line and looks to be the beginning of some very great things.
Linux Training Tips
Linux Training Tips - How to Boot Linux from a Linux Installation CD or a Linux Live CD
A "bootable" CD or DVD is one that you put in your CD / DVD drive and use to "boot" (start up) your computer system.
You need to boot the free Linux OS (operating system) from a CD or DVD when you want to install Linux on a computer system - or when you want to run Linux from a Linux live CD / DVD.
To boot Linux, just put a Linux CD or DVD in your drive and restart your system. However, your may need to do one or two extra steps to get your system to boot from a Linux CD / DVD.
A "bootable" CD or DVD is one that you put in your CD / DVD drive and use to "boot" (start up) your computer system.
You need to boot the free Linux OS (operating system) from a CD or DVD when you want to install Linux on a computer system - or when you want to run Linux from a Linux live CD / DVD.
To boot Linux, just put a Linux CD or DVD in your drive and restart your system. However, your may need to do one or two extra steps to get your system to boot from a Linux CD / DVD.
Linux Tips: If you are installing Linux from CD / DVD, there may be more than one Linux installation CD or DVD. Be sure to use CD 1 (or DVD 1) to boot the system and start the Linux installation routine. This Linux CD / DVD will be "bootable" and the others won't.
After you have installed Linux, or run Linux live, you can get lots of practical Linux training experience. You can work at a Linux desktop and learn how to use Linux software programs. And you can also open a Linux "terminal" and work at the Linux command line and learn how to use Linux commands - the way the real pros do Linux system administration.
3 Ways to Boot Your Computer System from a Bootable Linux CD or DVD
1. Do nothing, except restart your system with the Linux CD / DVD in the drive.
Lots of systems are set up to automatically boot from the CD / DVD drive. So you don't need to do anything to boot Linux from a (bootable) Linux installation CD / DVD or a Linux live CD / DVD.
To test to see if your system can boot from CD / DVD, just put a bootable CD or DVD in your drive and restart your system. If it worked, you should see something related to Linux on the screen.
For example, you should see the Linux installation intro screen, if you booted from a Linux installation CD, or you should see a Linux desktop, if you booted from a Linux live CD.
If you try to boot from CD / DVD and already have an operating system (such as Windows) installed on your system, and Windows starts, then either your system isn't set up to boot from its CD / DVD drive, or the Linux CD / DVD itself isn't "bootable".
Linux Tips: Make sure your CD / DVD is bootable. If you bought Linux on CD or DVD, then it likely works and you'll be able to boot from it. However, if you download Linux and burn a Linux ISO file to CD / DVD yourself, then there may be a problem with the Linux CD / DVD. The best solution is to try the Linux CD or DVD on a system you know boots from its drive, such as a system owned by friend from a Linux user group (LUG).
2. Hold down one or more keys to boot Linux from the Linux CD / DVD.
Watch the screen as your system starts and look for any messages that tell you which key (or keys) to hold down to boot your system from the Linux CD or DVD.
For example, on some systems, you need to hold down the letter "c" to get the system to boot with a Linux CD / DVD.
When the system starts, you may not see a message telling you which keys to press to boot from CD / DVD, but you may see which keys to press to go into SETUP (or you may see a similar term - more on this below).
3. Change a system setting to boot from a Linux CD / DVD.
On some systems, you can't just hold down one or more keys to boot Linux from CD / DVD. However, when the system starts, you should see which keys to press to go into SETUP (or a similar term).
In this case, even though a bootable CD / DVD is in the drive, the system is starting from the hard disk because it is at the top of the "boot order".
You need to go into SETUP and do the steps to move the CD or DVD drive above the hard disk in the boot order. This will allow the system to boot Linux from a Linux CD / DVD.
Once you can start Linux and get it running on a system, you can get easy Linux training by using Linux video tutorials. With this Linux training method, you can watch how to use Linux, such as watching how to use a Linux command, and then pause the video tutorial and try the Linux command yourself!
